Transition, transmission, translation: compounding in the Digital age. A corpus-based reading of Anthropocene and its language cloud
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15167/1824-7482/pbfrm2024.1.2447Parole chiave:
compounding, framing, translation, metaphors, corpus-based analysisAbstract
L'articolo affronta le implicazioni socio-culturali delle parole composte, e altre forme di composizione lessicale, incluse sequenze di più parole, di recente coniazione emerse nella lingua inglese, in particolare quelle nate in seguito o all'interno di trasformazioni socio-economiche. L'analisi propone una riflessione su come queste innovazioni lessicali possano o meno creare una cornice persistente capace di modellare le nostre posizioni ideologiche e le nostre discussioni attorno alla Natura. Alla luce dei cambiamenti significativi, indotti dalle nuove tecnologie e da dispositivi innovativi di utilizzo diffuso e quotidiano, si prende spunto da Sapir secondo cui il vocabolario di una lingua riflette, anche se non in modo completo, le realtà fisiche e sociali della propria comunità di parlanti. Lo studio si concentra su alcune parole del nostro contemporaneo in lingua inglese che sono radicate nel lessico della Natura, analizzandone i significati, la cornice figurativa e l'evoluzione diacronica tramite un'analisi quantitativa e qualitativa basata su corpora. Un’attenzione particolare è riservata al termine ‘cloud’, che consente di tracciare la sua metamorfosi da composti come ‘cloud cover’ in meteorologia a ‘cloud space’ nell'ambito dell'informatica. Un'analisi di tre processi chiave viene presentata: transizione, cioè la mappatura del cambiamento attraverso i campi semantici; trasmissione, cioè come i concetti innovativi vengono definiti attingendo dall'ambito della Natura filtrato attraverso un'ottica tecnologica; e traduzione, cioè la riformulazione intralinguistica (JAKOBSON 1969), che comprende espansioni metaforiche, metonimiche e altre riconfigurazioni concettuali.
Riferimenti bibliografici
Books
BENCZES R., Creative Compounding in English: The Semantics of Metaphorical and Metonymical Noun-noun Combinations, John Benjamins Publishing, Amsterdam- Philadelphia 2006.
HUGHES J. D., An environmental history of the world: humankind's changing role in the community of life, Routledge, London and New York 2009.
LÉVI-STRAUSS C., La pensée sauvage, Plon, Paris 1962.
MCARTHUR T., The Oxford Guide to World English, OUP, Oxford 2002.
MOORE J. W., Capitalism in the Web of Life: Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital, London, 2015.
PETERS A. M., The units of language acquisition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1983.
STIBBE A., Animals Erased: Discourse, Ecology, and Reconnection with the Natural World, Wesleyan University Press, Middletown, CT 2012.
STUBBS M., Words and phrases: Corpus studies of lexical semantics, John Wiley & Sons, Oxford 2001.
WRAY A., Formulaic language and the lexicon, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (UK), 2002.
Edited volumes and articles in collective works
ALGEO J. (ed.), Fifty Years Among the New Words: A dictionary of neologisms, 1941–1991.
JAKOBSON R., «On linguistic aspects of translation», in Venuti, L. (ed.) The Translation Studies Reader, Routledge, London and New York (1959/2000), pp. 113-118.
JUNG M., «Ecological criticism of language», in FILL, A., MUHLHAUSLER P. (eds.), The Ecolinguistics Reader: Language, ecology and environment. Continuum, London and New York, 1996/2001, pp. 270-285.
HALLIDAY M.A.K., «New Ways of Meaning: The Challenge to Applied Linguistics», in FILL, A., MUHLHAUSLER P. (eds.), The Ecolinguistics Reader: Language, ecology and environment. Continuum, London and New York 1990/2001, pp. 175-202.
LIBBEN G., «Why study compound processing? An overview of the issues», in LIBBEN, G., JAREMA G., The representation and processing of compound words, OUP, Oxford 2006, pp. 1-22.
LIBBEN G., GAGNÉ C. L., DRESSLER W. U., «The representation and processing of compounds words», in DRESSLER W. U., PIRRELLI V., PLAG I., Word Knowledge and Word Usage. De Gruyter, Berlin and Boston 2020, pp. 336-352.
MOON R., «What can a corpus tell us about lexis», in The Routledge handbook of corpus linguistics, Routledge, London and New York 2010, pp. 197-211.
ORTEGA Y GASSET J., «The misery and the splendor of the translation», in Venuti, L. (ed.) The Translation Studies Reader, Routledge, London and New York (1937/2000), pp. 49-63.
SANTINI L., «Reframing: parole composte e social media», in CONOSCENTI M. et al. (eds.), Quaderni del CIRM 3. Tab Edizioni, Roma 2023, pp. 63-86.
SAPIR E., «Language and Environment», in FILL A., MUHLHAUSLER P. (eds.), The Ecolinguistics Reader: Language, ecology and environment. Continuum, London and New York 1912/2001, pp. 13-22.
SEIDLHOFER B., «Lingua franca English», in KIRKPATRICK A., The Routledge handbook of world Englishes, Routledge, London and New York 2010, p. 355-371.
TRAMPE W., «Language and ecological crisis», in FILL A., MUHLHAUSLER P. (eds.), The Ecolinguistics Reader: Language, ecology and environment. Continuum, London and New York 1991/2001, pp. 232-240.
WAKELIN D. H., RICKETTS J. A., «The nature of Ironmaking», in The making, shaping and treating
of steel, The Carnagie Steel Company, Pittsburg, 1999, pp. 1-36.
Journal articles
BENCZES R., «Metaphor- and metonymy-based compounds in English: a cognitive linguistic approach», Acta Linguistica Hungarica, 52(2-3), 2005, pp. 173-198.
CHRISTIANSEN M. H., ARNON I., «More than words: The role of multiword sequences in language learning and use», Topics in cognitive science 9(3), 2017, pp. 542-551.
COOK G., «‘A pig is a person’or ‘You can love a fox and hunt it’: Innovation and tradition in the discursive representation of animals», Discourse & Society 26.5, 2015, pp. 587-607.
ENTMAN R. M., «Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm», Journal of communication, 43(4), 1993, pp. 51-58.
GRZEGA J., «Some aspects of modern diachronic onomasiology», Linguistics 40(5), 2002, pp. 1021-1045.
KIEŁTYKA R., «Patterns of metaphor-metonymy interaction in animal-specific complex lexical units», Linguistica Silesiana 40, 2019, pp. 225-256.
LEHRER A., «Understanding trendy neologisms», Rivista di Linguistica, vol. 15, 2003, pp. 369– 382.
MALMODIN et al., «The Energy and Carbon Footprint of the Global ICT and E&M Sectors 2010–2015», Sustainability, 10, 3027, 2018, pp. 1-31.
MOBERG et al., «Printed and tablet e-paper newspaper from an environmental perspective — A screening life cycle assessment», Environmental Impact Assessment Review 30, 2010, pp.177–19.
MONSERRATE S. G., «The Cloud Is Material: On the Environmental Impacts of Computation and Data Storage», MIT Case Studies in Social and Ethical Responsibilities of Computing, Winter Transition, transmission, translation 2022, https://doi.org/10.21428/2c646de5.031d4553 – available online https://mit-serc.pubpub.org/pub/the-cloud-is-material/release/1.
OTTER C. et al. «Roundtable: the Anthropocene in British history», Journal of British Studies 57.3, 2018, pp. 568-596.
ROIG-MARÍN A., «‘Blended’ Cyber-Neologisms», English Today 128, 32(4), 2016, pp. 1-5.
STIBBE A., «An ecolinguistic approach to critical discourse studies», Critical Discourse Studies, 11(1), 2014, pp. 117-128.
THEAKSTON A., LIEVEN E., «Multiunit sequences in first language acquisition», Topics in Cognitive Science 9(3), 2017, pp. 588-603.
WRAY A., «Formulaic sequences as a regulatory mechanism for cognitive perturbations during the achievement of social goals», Topics in cognitive science 9(3), 2017, pp. 569-587.
Online resources
Collins English Dictionary, https://www.collinsdictionary.com/ (last accessed January 2024).
GeSI. Smarter 2020: The Role of ICT in Driving a Sustainable Future. A Report by Boston Consulting Group on Behalf of GeSI. 2012. Available online: https://gesi.org/report/detail/gesi-smarter2020-the-role-of-ictin-driving-a-sustainable-future.
English corpora [BNC, iWeb, NOW], https://www.english-corpora.org/.
Oxford English Dictionary (OED), https://www.oed.com/.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary, https://www.merriam-webster.com/ .
Netlingo – The internet dictionary, https://www.netlingo.com/dictionary/newest.php .
Wikipedia – English version, https://en.wikipedia.org/ .
WordSpy online dictionary, https://wordspy.com/.
Downloads
Pubblicato
Fascicolo
Sezione
Licenza
Copyright (c) 2024 Laura Santini
Questo lavoro è fornito con la licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale 4.0 Internazionale.